About miniature metal buildings. While the practice of architecture can be traced back to the first architectural treatise by Roman architect and author Marcus Vitruvius Pollio, the education of an architect is rather recent in the history of our profession. Morphing from the French Ecole Royale des Arts into the famous Parisian institution of the Ecole des Beaux Arts, this 19^th century schooling became the world’s first educational system to train architects. Based on a rigorous curriculum where the professor was master, most future graduates were expected to serve their professional careers completing governmental projects under France’s President Napoleon III.

Church Architecture of Arantzazu, Basque region. I remember it being a cold and windy November day when I first visited this site; a place of pilgrimage that I had never heard of before. Located in the Basque region of Spain, a short hour north of the medieval city of Vitoria-Gasteiz, the Sanctuary of Our Lady of Arántzazu (1955) is situated at the end of a road, just before touching the clouds and the sky.

National Memorial for Peace and Justice in Montgomery, Alabama. There are many moments in one’s life where emotions take over, but few are so powerful that no matter what you think or what you do, feelings, sentiments, and memories become one in mind and body.

In part 1, I explored the work of Tita Carloni. Now I would like to study the church façade of Sant’Antonio Abate (1999-2003) designed by internationally recognized architect Mario Botta, a disciple of Tita Carloni.

Tita Carloni Church facade in Ticino. Since the founding of the Federal Charter of 1291, Switzerland has remained an open-minded country that has sought to balance tradition with innovation. This is true in many aspects of Swiss life, and is particularly visible in matters related to art, religion, education, and perhaps most importantly, Switzerland’s principle of federalism.